Worried there might be more to your child’s persistent cough than a cold? There is a possibility that it might be childhood allergies. We are definitely seeing more children with allergies, especially at this time of the year. Among the most common trigger factors in childhood are food and environmental factors. The most common foods that cause allergies are dairy, egg, wheat, soya, peanuts and fish.
Environmental allergens are widespread but the usual culprits are house dust mites, pollen, mould and dog and cat dander. The first and most familiar sign is a clear, runny nose with a cough and sneezing, which is either persistent or brought on by specific triggers, without a fever. Children may also develop watery, itchy eyes. Allergies are typically painless.
Treatment is to avoid specific allergens – easier said than done! In general, keep a food diary and note specific foods that exacerbate symptoms. Opt for tiles rather than carpets, and spray beds with “Mite Free” at least once a week. Keep pets outside and avoid direct contact with fluffy dogs and cats. Ventilate bathrooms as much as possible and treat mould if present.
Medical treatment is aimed at symptom control, as there is no cure for allergies. It is usually in the form of steroid nasal sprays and antihistamines. If chronic allergies lead to snoring and very restless sleep, seek assistance from a paediatrician and/or ENT (ear, nose and throat) doctor, as it can cause long term cardiac complications.
For more information contact Dr Raksha Takoordeen, specialist paediatrician, on 033 – 342 3098, reception@baby-doc.co.za, Suite G, Block 3, 90 Payn Street, Mediclinic Hospital, Pietermaritzburg.